Immunology | CIDRAP

Immunology and Immune Correlates of Protection

Milestones not started

Milestones in progress

Milestones completed

Goals

Strategic goal

2.1

Sample and assay availability

Make clinical samples and immunoassays available to the research community for improving understanding of the mechanisms of mucosal and systemic immunity related to coronavirus infections.

Milestones

2.1.a

High priority

Ongoing

Pre-COVID biorepositories

2.1.b

High priority

New and ongoing biorepositories

2.1.c

High priority

Immunoassay development

Strategic goal

2.2

Immunity mechanisms

Define mechanisms of mucosal and systemic immunity relevant to coronavirus infection, disease, and transmission, for the development of broadly protective coronavirus vaccines.

Milestones

2.2.a

Humoral immunity

2.2.b

Cellular immunity

2.2.c

Mucosal vs. systemic humoral immunity

2.2.d

High priority

Biomarkers and surrogates

2.2.e

Mucosal immunity atlas

Strategic goal

2.3

Cross-reactive immunity

Clarify mechanisms for stimulating broadly protective mucosal and systemic immune responses that are cross-reactive for different coronaviruses.

Milestones

2.3.a

High priority

Spike protein epitopes

2.3.b

S2-specific antibodies

2.3.c

Antibody induction

2.3.d

T-cell epitopes

Strategic goal

2.4

Durability mechanisms

Understand the mechanisms of durability of immune protection from SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses.

Milestones

2.4.a

High priority

Durability determinants

2.4.b

Plasma cell longevity

Strategic goal

2.5

Preexisting immunity

Improve understanding of the impact of preexisting immunity—both infection-acquired and vaccine-mediated—on immune responses to future circulating coronaviruses.

Milestones

2.5.a

Vaccine and infection response

2.5.b

Longitudinal cohort studies

Strategic goal

2.6