Gordon 2025 describes a NIAID- and CEPI-established panel of select betacoronaviruses to facilitate vaccine R&D:
- Sarbecoviruses: Wuhan-1, Delta, Omicron BA.4/BA.5, Omicron XBB.1.5, GX-Pangolin, SARS-CoV-1, RsSHC014, BtKY72
- Merbecoviruses: MERS-CoV, HKU4r-CoV, Neo-CoV
- Embecoviruses: OC43, HKU1